Emergency preparedness and response refers to the planning, training, and actions taken to effectively deal with unexpected disasters or crises, such as natural hazards, accidents, health emergencies, or security threats. Preparedness involves identifying risks, creating emergency plans, training personnel, and ensuring resources (first aid kits, communication tools, evacuation routes) are available. Response is the immediate action taken during an emergency to protect lives, reduce damage, and restore safety. Together, they ensure communities, organizations, and individuals can act quickly and effectively to minimize harm and recover faster.